The Practitioner Toolkit contains information and tools for issues arising in work with children, young people and families.
This page contains resources on concerns which might arise while helping a child or family, organised by topics, linked to searches for local organisations which can support work around that topic. Links to national services, helplines and information resources are also included.
All resources on this page are free to use by anyone who has a concern about a child or family.
Is it safeguarding?
Before using the toolkit, please consider; is there a safeguarding concern?
If you are unsure, discuss with your Safeguarding lead or with your Locality Community & Support Service worker, referring to the Oxfordshire Threshold of Needs Matrix and Early Help Assessment on the OSCB website and the Multi Agency Safeguarding Hub on the Oxfordshire County Council website.
Are Special Educational Needs and/or disability a factor?
The Oxfordshire Local Offer for Young Poeple with Special Educational Needs (SEND Local Offer) provides access to comprehensive information for children, young people, parents and the professionals who support them about local provision and how to access it.
Click on the topic to expand the section:
ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can occur at any age. Symptoms include restlessness, hyperactivity, impulsivity and fearless and chaotic behaviour. ADHD can interfere with learning, parenting and the healthy development of the child and impact on siblings, friends and family members.
Tools
ADHD Together - tools to support mood management, anger control, time management and more - open bookmarks for full list
ADHD Protocol for Schools - Oxfordshire Schools Intranet
Links
Helplines
Mind Infoline 9am-6pm, Mon-Fri (except for bank holidays) 0300 123 3393 info@mind.org.uk Text: 86463
Search
Alcohol Misuse
Alcohol misuse can occur at any age, but harm is most serious to the individual’s health in a developing child, including adolescents, children and while the mother is pregnant.
Alcohol causes both short-term risk and long-term health damage, linked to the quantity and regularity of the misuse. Harm to the family, and damage to social and professional life can occur at any age and is linked to the seriousness of the alcohol misuse.
Tools
Alcohol Concern Publications - also factsheets, posters, tools apps and more
Identification and Brief Advice - the main tools including M SASQ, AUDIT, FAST and 5-Alcohol.
OSCB Parental Substance Misuse Toolkit
Alcohol misuse in families resources from Alcohol Concern
Links
Oxfordshire Wellbeing Cloud (Turning Point / Roads to Recovery)
Helplines
Alcohol Concern – runs the national drink helpline, Drinkline on 0300 123 1110
Alcoholics Anonymous – helpline 0845 769 7555
Al-Anon Family Groups – helpline 020 7403 0888
Search
Alcohol misuse support on the Family Information Service Directory
Anger
Most people feel angry at times, but when anger is interfering with life, schooling, employment and relationships, then the individual and their supporters may need support to improve behaviours.
Tools
The I Am? Book - copies are available from your local Children and Family Centre
The Keep Your Cool Kit from the British Association of Anger Management
Moodjuice - print out self help guides, audio guides including anger, anxiety and more.
Helpline
CALM - Campaign Against Living Miserably (for men in crisis) - 0800 58 58 58 5pm-midnight 36 days a year
Oxfordshire Mind Infoline - 01865 247788 9.30am – 4.30pm (mon – fri)
Links
Young minds on Anger
Recommended Books
What to do when your temper flares - Dawn Huebner, available from your local public library
Starving the Anger Gremlin - Kate Collins Donnelly
Anger management games for children - Deborah M. Plummer
Directory Search
Don't forget to search for organisations that can help with anger on the Family Information Service Directory
Anxiety
Anxiety involves feeling large amounts of unease, worry and fear. These natural, although painful emotions, become anxiety when they are felt often, or without a reason, or interfere with life, relationships and health.
Tools
AnxietyBC - sections for children, youth and adults, with instruction videos
Mindshift App - free app available on android and iphone.
No Panic's Beginner's Guide to Anxiety and Panic relaxation techniques, affirmations and more
Free Mind Stress and Anxiety Guide
Links
Mind - anxiety and panic attacks
No Panic - telephone and online services
Young Minds - anxiety factsheets and more for young people
Helplines
No Panic Helpline - 10am-10pm every day, youth helpline and out of hours relaxation message
Young Minds Parents Helpline - 9.30am-4pm Mon-Fri for any adult worried about a young person up to age 25
Search
Attachment
Although attachment can be applied more broadly, generally speaking it refers to the bond between a child and their primary caregiver. Attachment develops when a child is cared for and a caregiver consistently meets a child's needs. Attachment to a loving and protective caregiver who provides emotional warmth is very important to health development, especially in early years.
Tools
The Coventry Grid 2 - ASD vs Attachment Problems by Heather Moran
Links
Helplines
Family Lives (formerly Parentline) - 0808 800 2222 9am – 9pm, Monday to Friday and 10am – 3pm Saturday and Sunday
Search
Attachment on the Oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory
Autism, Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Autism is a mental condition, present from early childhood, but sometimes diagnosed later, involving difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts.
Tools
The National Autistic Society - strategies, behaviour, communication and more
Autism Education Trust - Large site with sections for professionals, parents, teachers, young people with resources and more
Links
Early Years SEN Team - Oxfordshire County Council
SENSS Communication and Interaction Support Service - Oxfordshire County Council
Schools would also normally receive advice and guidance from the a provider of Educational Psychology Services, such as the Oxfordshire County Council Educational Psychology Service.
Key Local Services
SENSS Communication and Interaction Support Service - works in partnership to secure good outcomes and a positive future for children and young people with speech, language and communication needs (SLCN) and Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC).
Helplines
National Autistic Society Helpline - 0808 800 4104 - Monday-Thursday 10am - 4pm, Friday 9am - 3pm
Search
Autism on the Oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory
Benefits
When a family has problems with benefits it is worth going to the root problem - lack of money. Boosting cash coming into the family (by increasing the numbers of family members in paid work, for example) or reducing outflow of funds through addressing issues around debt, gambling, substance misuse etc. can provide similar help to resolving issues with benefits.
Toolkits
Entitled To independent Benefits information - affordability calculator, better off calculator, adviser access and more
Turn to us independent benefits information - searches benefits and grants
Universal Credit Partner Toolkit on Gov.uk
Links
Gov.uk Benefits Portal - large but comprehensive
Money Advice Service - Free impartial money advice including benefits
Child Poverty Action Group - advisers available
Helplines
Money Advice Line Mon-Fri 8am-8pm, Sat 9am-1pm 0800 138 7777 free
Child Poverty Action Group Helpline, Mon-Fri 10am-12pm, 2pm-4pm - 020 7812 5231.
Local organisations
Oxfordshire Mind Benefits Advice - for anyone suffering benefits-related anxiety or stress (no diagnosis needed) practical and emotional help.
Search
Organisations which can help with benefits in the online Service Directory
Bereavement, Grief
Bereavement is when someone in a family dies. Distress, sorrow and upset are normal even if the relationship was complex. There may also be practical problems with household finances and organisation.
Tools
Schools information packs from Seesaw include a pack to use with young people with learning disabilities
Bereavement resources from Macmillan leanzone
Bereavement information sheets from Child Bereavement UK
Links
Deaths from Oxfordshire County Council, including the Oxfordshire Bereavement Guide
Child Bereavement UK - for when a child has died
Winston's Wish - for when a child is bereaved
Hope Again - supporting young people who have been bereaved
Helplines
Seesaw provides telephone consultation and grief support in Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire Cruse 01865 245398
Child Bereavement UK 0800 0288840
Winston's wish 08088 020 021
Recommended Books
Sad Book by Michael Rosen and Roald Dahl - this links to a long a excerpt from the book, but you can also get it from your public library.
Muddles, Puddles and Sunshine by Diane Crossley (Activity Book for younger readers)
Frog and the Birdsong by Max Velthuijs, Andersen Press
Directory Search
Don't forget to search for organisations which can support with bereavement on the Oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory!
Body Image, appearance
Anxiety about body image is very common in children and adolescents. It is more common in girls but can also occur in boys. Where there are body image concerns, work to raise self esteem and build confidence can be more challenging.
Toolkits
Be Real Resources - round-up of resources to build self esteem for teachers, youth leaders, parents and more
Dove Self Esteem Project - articles, evidence-based resources and activities, and more
BBC Videos: Your Body Your Image - short videos from the BBC and UWE Bristol exploring issues around body image
Self Esteem Talking Heads - Looking at the online/offline divide
Media Smart Body Image resources - includes good resources for boys
Links
Be Real - the campaign for body confidence
Helplines
B-Eat helpline adults 0808 801 0677 help@b-eat.co.uk youthline 0808 801 0711 fyp@b-eat.co.uk - 365 days a year: 4pm-10pm (eating disorders)
Mind Infoline 9am-6pm, Mon-Fri (except for bank holidays) 0300 123 3393 info@mind.org.uk Text: 86463
Search
Looking for local organisations which can support? Try searching the Family Information Service Directory. Start with this search for self esteem.
Boredom
Most people feel bored at times, but constant or disruptive boredom can be a symptom of neglect, mental health problems, or learning difficulties or disabilities. Boredom may also be involved in risk-taking behaviours such as drug or alcohol abuse, petty offending or risky sexual behaviour.
Tools
The I Am? Book - copies are available from your local Children and Family Centre
Oxfordshire Safeguarding Boad Neglect Toolkit including the Child Care and Development Checklist
Moodjuice depression self-help guide
Helplines
The Mix Helpline for young people under 25 - 0808 808 4994 11am-11pm every day
Campaign Against Living Miserably (CALM) for men 0800 58 58 58 5pm-midnight
Family Lives Helpline - 0808 800 2222
Links
Family Lives Parenting Support
Search
Find Activities for young People and Activities for Families
Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding gives health benefits to the baby and mother, and promotes healthy attachment. Even where exclusive breastfeeding is not possible, some breastfeeding is beneficial.
Tools
Start4Life Breastfeeding Friend - available on Google Home, Aamazon Alexa and Facebook Messenger
NHS Breastfeeding support - includes videos, mythbusting and more
Best Beginnings - includes the free, award-winning Baby Buddy App
Breastfeeding Network - Factsheets, drug safety, helpline and more
Links
Oxfordshire Breastfeeding Support - support groups, resources, Facebook Group and more
Oxford Health Useful links - look under breastfeeding
Oxford University Hospitals - Infant Feeding
Helplines
National Breastfeeding Helpline 0300 100 0212 9.30am-9.30pm
Association of Breastfeeding Mothers 0300 330 5453 9.30am-10.30pm
La Leche League 0345 120 2918 - flexible times
Search
Oxfordshire Infant Feeding Services - breast pumps, human milk bank, maternity services in Oxfordshire
Organisations which can support with breastfeeding on the oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory
Bullying
Bullying is deliberately hurting or upsetting someone, physically or emotionally. It usually happens over time or repeatedly, and is often denied or hidden. Although more common in children, it can happen at any age.
Tools
Anti-Bullying toolkit on the Oxfordshire Schools Site
Restorative Practice Overview on Teaching with Teachers
Restorative Justice Resources from the Restorative Justice Council
Links
Anti-Bullying Alliance - home of anti-bullying week
Helplines
Childline - 0800 1111 help for children
ACAS - 0300 123 1100 for problems in the workplace
Search
Care Leaver
Young people leaving care are eligible for extra help and should have a personal adviser. If you are working with a young person leaving care identifying who is supporting them is a key first step.
Toolkits
NSPCC Returning home from care toolkit
The Really Useful Book for Care Leavers (RUBLE) and the Really Useful Book Staff Guide are workbook-based resources from the Learning & Work Institute to help care leavers get used to living independently and make decisions about education and work. They also have an Employer Guide to Supporting Care Leavers.
Links
Become (Formerly the Who cares? trust)
Shelter housing information for young people leaving care
Helplines
Become Charity Care Advice line 0800 023 2033 open Mon-Fri 10-30am-3pm.
Search
Children in care on the Family Information Service Directory
Challenging Behaviour
Challenging behaviour can include shouting and screaming, hitting, pushing or kicking other people, throwing things or harming or hurting themselves. It is harmful to the person and others around them and stops the person doing normal activities, such as making friends or learning. It is stressful and exhausting both for the person suffering from it and for those supporting such as parents, carers and professionals. It is not a learning disability, but people with a disability are more likely to suffer from challenging behaviour.
Tools
Positive Behaviour Support Guide from United Response - plus email newsletters and more
Minded E-Learning and Information for Parents- look for topics like aggression, difficult behaviour and in a crisis; the parent information section includes useful worksheets
Links
Challenging Behaviour from Mencap
The Challenging Behaviour Foundation - email newsletters, resources and more
Helplines
Mencap Helpline 9am - 6pm, Mon-Fri 0808 808 1111.
Young Minds Parents Helpline 9.30-4pm, Mon- Fri. 0808 802 5544 (free for mobiles and landlines)
Search
Local organisations which can help with Challenging Behaviour on the Service Directory.
Child Sexual Exploitation
Child sexual exploitation (CSE) is when anyone aged under 18 is being exploited for sex. The exploitation can involve money, gifts or favours, as well as things like emotional manipulation, threats and violence. The young person may perceive the exploitation as a relationship, or may be unwilling to disclose the abuse for other reasons like fear or embarrassment.
Tools
Barnardo's Real Love Rocks - Primary and Secondary animations, worksheets and more
CSE Screening tool and Horizon Referral Form on the OSCB website
CSE and Sexual Abuse Resource Category on the Social Woker's Toolkit
Exploited video and resources from CEOP
Whitney's story (Eastenders mini-episode)
Eradicating Child Sexual Exploitation Toolkit - comprehensive resource from the Lucy Faithfull Foundation
Links
CSE on oxme - leaflet and young person's checklist
CSE on NSPCC - videos, research, signs and symptoms and more
Helpline
Kingfisher helpline (Oxfordshire) 01865 309196
PACE Telephone Support for Parents - 0113 240 5226
Search
Search for CSE on the Oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory.
Criminal Exploitation
Criminal Exploitation happens when children are persuaded or forced into criminal behaviour such as dealing grugs, selling or storing illegal goods, providing premises for illegal acts, or committing acts of violence, theft or vandalism. Vulnerable adults are also at risk. Those affected are at risk of addiction, criminalisation, mental health damage, violence and more complex forms of abuse like child sexual exploitation, gang membership and modern slavery. Families may be involved, trying to address the problem, or unaware. This is a safeguarding issue which requires police involvement.
Tools
There is information about Gangs, Modern Slavery and Criminal Exploitation on the oxme.info website
Criminal Exploitation of Children and Vulnerable Adults - County Lines leaflet and case studies from UK Gov
Safecall Service - From the charity Missing people, this service gives phone support to children, families and professionals where a child is going missing and where criminal exploitation (going country, road, county lines, gang involvement) is suspected or known. Refer online or call 020 8392 5710.
Links
Helpline
NSPCC Helpline 24/7 0808 800 5000
Missing People Helpline 24/7 116 000
Local Organisations
Local organisations which can help including Victims support and SAFE.
Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying is where social networking sites, the internet or mobile decvices are used in bullying. As well being a common feature of most bullying situations, it can sometimes occur in isolation, where part of the anxiety is not knowing who is doing the bullying.
Toolkits
Facebook Safety Centre - comprehensive guide from the world's biggest social network
Oxfordshire Cyberbullying and Internet Safety Toolkit - includes the Oxfordshire cyberbullying survey
Cyberbullying - gone too far - Childnet resource with an LGBT focus.
Links
UK Safer Internet Centre - E-Safety and Cyberbullying
Think U Know - Internet safety for all ages from CEOP
Helplines
Professionals Online Safety Helpline 0844 381 4772 helpline@saferinternet.org.uk Mon-FRi 10am-4pm
Online Safety Helpline from the NSPCC and O2 0808 8005002
Search
Cyberbullying on the Family Information Service Directory
Deafblindness, multi-sensory impairment
Deafblindness is both sight and hearing loss. Multi-sensory impairment is sometimes preferred as a term. There may be other complex needs. It affects ability to communicate, get all kinds of information and get around. A deafblind person can usually see and hear a bit, but both senses are reduced enough to cause difficulties in everyday life.
Tools
Inclusuive Play Toolkits from Sense
Links
Sense - National Charity for people who are deafblind or have sensory impairment
SENSS Multi Sensory Impairment Team - Oxfordshire County Council
Deafblindness on NHS Direct
Helplines
Deafblind UK Helpline - plus lots of online information and advice 9am-5pm Mon-Thu, 9am-4pm Fri)
Search
Dental Hygiene, Dental Health
Poor Dental Hygiene and Dental Health cause dental caries, tooth loss, infections and contribute to social and emotional problems. It has also been linked to more serious health problems like diabetes, heart disease and cancer. To support their health, children and pregnant women are eligible for free dental treatment on the NHS, so dental issues may also be an indicator for more serious underlying issues, such as being neglected at home, parental drug and alcohol problems, mental health concerns or family conflict.
Tools
Easy Read Dental Booklets from Community Dental Services
Posters and leaflets from the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry including Dental Check by One, advice and questionnaire for parents of children with autism
Dental Buddy Fun downloadable resources for children
Links
Take care of your teeth - NHS
Childrens Teeth - NHS
Helplines
NHS 111 (call 111) can advise on dental issues and help you find your nearest emergency dentist
Dental Helpline from the Oral Health Foundation 01788 539780 (local rate call in the UK), for free and impartial advice 9am-5pm Mon-Fri
Local Sevices
Oxfordshire Community Dental Services - Oral health promotion, resource library and more
Oxford Health Specialised Dental Services - for those with medical conditions, including phobias, mental health issues and learning disabilities
Search the Family Information Service or Livewell Oxfordshire for services to support with Dental issues.
Disability Abuse
Disability abuse is when someone exploits, abuses or neglects someone with a disability. People with a disability may be less able to protect themsleves or seek help. There may be a care relationship alongside the abuse, but the risk may also come from friends or strangers. Disability abuse can happen at all ages.
Toolkits
Safeguarding Deaf and Disabled children - Research, Serious Case reviews and more from the NSPCC
Safeguarding Disabled Children Practice Guidance - from Gov.uk
Links
Oxfordshire Safeguarding Children Procedures Manual - Disabled Children
Abuse and Neglect of Vulnerable Adults - NHS
Helpline
NSPCC Helpline - help@nspcc.org.uk - 0808 800 5000 - 24/7
Action on Elder Abuse helpline - 080 8808 8141 Mon-Fri, 9am-5pm
Search
Local organisations which can help can be found on Livewell Oxfordshire and the Family Information Service.
Divorce, separation
Divorce and parental separation is typically a time of stress for the whole family. The emotional pressures and stresses can cause out of character behaviour in all family members. While parents usually have high awareness of the needs of their children, this urge to care can be complicated by their own needs, conflicting emotions and the urgency of practical considerations.
Toolkits
Sesame Street Divorce Toolkit - gentle and useful resources, suitable for younger children but engaging for all - videos, printables, activities, songs.
Sorting Out Separation - comprehensive goverment website, includes a useful parenting plan pro-forma among many other resources
Relate Separation and Divorce - information for adults in relationship breakdown
Divorce and Money Calculator - from the Money Advice Service
Links
www.sortingoutseparation.org.uk - tools and guides, plans, fact sheets, videos and more
theparentconnection.org.uk - parenting after parting, including an online learning tool called "Getting it Right for Children When Parents Part"
www.separatedfamilies.info - parenting apart guides, practical and emotional
Helplines
Family Lives Helpline - 0808 800 2222 9am – 9pm, Monday to Friday and 10am – 3pm Saturday and Sunday, listening, supportive and non-judgemental
Relate talk to someone - 0300 100 1234 or direct contact with counsellors via webchat on their website
Recommended Books
Mum and Dad Glue by Kes Grey
It’s Not your Fault, Koko Bear – read together book for parents and children experiencing divorce, with tips for parents by Vicki Lansky
Directory Search
Don't forget to search for organisations which can provide support around Divorce and Separation from the Family Information Service Directory!
Domestic Abuse
Domestic abuse is any incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, coercive, threatening behaviour, violence or abuse between those aged 16 or over who are, or have been, intimate partners or family members regardless of gender or sexuality.
Toolkits
OSCB Domestic Abuse Themes and Tools
Risk Identification and Assessment - DASH, DOM5, MARAC and more
Oxfordshire Domestic Abuse Pathway for Young People (Aug 2018)
Safe Lives Knowledge Hub masses of resources including for young people, older people, LGBT etc.
16 Days of Action Toolkit - posters, briefings and more
Programmes and Courses
Recovery Toolkit - 12 week programme for women who have experienced domestic abuse
Perpetrator programmes - Reducing the Risk information for perpetrators plus 12-week perpetrator programme, available from multiple locations across Thames Valley, regular start dates. Support also provided to the perpetrator's partner.
Freedom Programme - courses for women and men who want to improve their behaviour
The Day programme - comprehensive multi-media education tool that equips young people to recognise domestic abuse and exploitation and critique popular culture
Links
Reducing the Risk of Domestic Abuse
Oxfordshire County Council Domestic Abuse pages
Thames Valley Police Domestic Abuse pages - Reporting, support and how to make an application under Clare's law
White Ribbon Day - Campaign to end harassment and violence against women
Helplines
National Domestic Violence Helpline - 0808 2000 247 24 hours
Comprehensive Domestic Abuse helpline list from Reducing the Risk
National LGBT Domestic Abuse Helpline - 0800 999 5428 help@galop.org.uk see website for opening hours - trans specific service and online chat available
Directory Search
Don't forget to search for organisations which can provide support around Domestic Abuse from the Family Information Service Directory!
Down Syndrome
Down's syndrome, also known as Down syndrome or trisomy 21, is a genetic condition that causes learning disability and can make some health problems more likely. People with Down's syndrome have different personalities and abilities. Everyone born with Down's syndrome will have some degree of learning disability, but this will be different for each person.
Toolkits
Oxfordshire County Council Early Years Toolkit for Children with Down Syndrome
Oxfordshire Down Syndrome Pathway
Down's Syndrome Association - new parents pack, section for adults with Down's Syndrome, factsheets and more
SENSS Down Syndrome and Complex Needs Team - Eligibility for service and other useful downloads are in the right-hand column under downloads
Links
Early Years SEN Team - Oxfordshire County Council
Down Syndrome Guide - NHS
Helplines
Down's Syndrome Association Helpline 0333 1212 300 Mon-Fri 10am-4pm
Search
Oragnisations on the Family Information Service which can provide support around Down Syndrome in Oxfordshire.
Drugs, substance misuse
Substance misuse (taking drugs) is a problem for individuals when it has a negative impact on their mental or physical health, family organisation, job/learning or finances. Heavy and habitual drug use causes the most serious problems, but occasional, intense use can also cause crises. There can be serious negative effects from brief, experimental or even first use. Substance misuse is also a problem within households, where it can cause disruption to childcare and neglect, as well as financial, housing and relationship problems.
Different drugs have different effects, and some are perceived as more serious than others. However, any substance which is causing damage to an individual or family, but which that individual is unwilling or unable to stop using, is a serious problem, even if the drug is legal (alcohol), legal in some countries (Cannabis), or novel (synthetic highs).
NOTE: Although occasional, experimental use of substances often occurs during adolescent and early adult years, regular drug use in teenagers is associated with disrupted development, school drop-out, criminal initiation and grooming, as well as accidents and violence. Wherever exclusion on grounds of substance misuse occurs, drugs grooming should be considered.
Tools
Parental Substance Misuse Toolkit from OSCB
SCODA Risk Assessment with Paretal Drug Misuse from CAFCASS
The Family Workbook and pull-out guide to help families discuss substance misuse problems with their children
Criminal Exploitation of children and vulnerable adults: County Lines guidance - Gov guidance includes Case studies, screening, flow-chart and more
AdFam publications for family use: Bouncing Back and the Living With and Journeys Series
Drugs Meter evidence based harm reduction tool, also available as an app.
Links
Talk to Frank - prevention-focussed but non-judgemental
Drugwise Factsheets and infographics - useful monthly update email
Helplines
Talk to Frank - National Drugs helpline 24/7
Local Services
Roads to Recovery Oxfordshire - self referral online
Wellbeing Cloud Oxfordshire - look under self help
Aquarius Drugs Service Oxfordshire - for children misusing or affected, based at Children & Family Centres
Search for more Oxfordshire substance muisuse services in the directory.
Eating Disorders
An eating disorder is when a person changes their eating habits or behaviours in a way that harms their mental or physical health. It can happen at any age, though children aged 8-17 may be more at risk. It can involve eating too much or too little, or becoming obsessed with weight or body shape. It may also include things like hiding the disordered eating, taking steps to conceal weight gain or loss, self poisoning or inappropriate use of medication and over-exercising. Eating disorders can occur on their own or alongside things like depression, alcohol/drug misuse or sexual abuse. Eating disorders damage individual and family functioning, interrupt healthy development, and cause serious health problems, which can be life-limiting or even fatal.
Referral
Referral for children (under 18) is via the CAMHS Single Point of Access. Referral for adults is via GP.
Tools
Disordered Eating for School Staff - Leaflet from Oxford Health
Cotswold House Useful Resources for Eating Disorders - Oxford Health Eating Disorder Service
Eating Disorders and Pregnancy - Nutrition leaflets, Case studies and more
SEED - Hull-based eating disorders service with good online resources
Links
Beat Eating Disorders - UK Charity
NHS Eating Disorders - includes information for friends and family
Eating Disorders in Males - as many as 1 in 4 suffers may be male and symptoms may present differently
Helplines
Beat Helpline 0808 801 0677
Beat Studentline 0808 801 0811
Beat Youthline 0808 801 0711
All Beat Helplines are open 365 days a year from 12pm – 8pm during the week, and 4pm – 8pm on weekends and bank holidays, with one-to-one webchat and email support also available
Search
Search online for local organisations that can help with eating disorders in Oxfordshire
Emotional dysregulation, mood swings
Emotional dysregulation is used to describe out of proportion or uncontrolled emotions. Being moody, sensitive or prone to outbursts is normal at different stages and ages. But for some, emotional responses become a problem for themselves and others, and interfere with successful development and functioning.
Toolkits
The Huge Bag of Worries, The Worry Ball - books which support discussion of worries
Blob Trees - simple cartoons to help children talk about emotions
All about me and I am? workbooks - available from your local Children and Family Centre
Links
Young Minds - resources, reports, policy and more
Young Minds - parents support zone
Helplines
YoungMinds Parents' Helpline 0808 802 5544 (Mon-Fri 9.30am to 4pm)
Family Lives Parentline Plus 0808 800 2222 for information, advice, guidance and support on any aspect of parenting and family life, open 9am – 9pm, Mon-Fri and 10am–3pm Sat-Sun
Search
Find local organisations that can help with emotional dysregulation in Oxfordshire.
Employment, Education and Training
Young people are expected to stay in full time education until age 16, continue in some form of learning (such as sixth form, college or an apprenticeship) until age 18 and then transition into their adult employment. Unemployment, underemployment, low aspirations and leaving learning early can all have a negative impact on earning potential, household finances and stability. There are also safeguarding, mental health and generational disadvantage risks.
Tools
oxme.info - the earn and learn sections
i-could - great video content for raising aspirations
Barclays Life Skills - online assessment practice, interview practice, wheel of strengths and more
Links
National Apprenticeship Service
Careers Information Advice and Guidance (CEIAG) for Oxfordshire Schools
Helplines
National Careers Service 0800 100 900 8am-10pm web chat also available
Oxfordshire EET Service 01865 328460 web chat also available
Search
Suitable searches might include jobseeking. You can also find young people's jobclubs in Oxfordshire listed on oxme.info.
Exam Stress
Exam stress can occur at any age where children are taking tests or exams. Children who are uncertain of their own capabilities, ambitious or perfectionist may be more at risk. Exam stress can cause poor attainment and attendance as well as more serious mental health outcomes.
Tools
Charlie Wallet Trust Health Approach to GCSEs booklets - guides for pupils, parents and teachers.
Coping Strategies for Exam Stress - 20 minute session guide, coping planner
Mind 14 Ways to beat exam stress - includes Emoodji app
For Young people
Exams on oxme.info - stress busting tips and more
Childline on Exam Stress - videos about managing stress, social pressures and more
For Parents
NHS Moodzone on helping children cope with exam pressure and anxiety
Search
Find Local Services that can help with exams in Oxfordshire
Female Genital Mutilation, FGM, cutting
Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as 'female circumcision' or 'female genital cutting' is a practice that involved partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, narrowing or closing of the vaginal opening, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. Girls may be abused through FGM at any age. While there may be a traditional "age" (which may be as early at birth or as late as adolesence) or methods, these are changed to enable the abuse. Although it is most associated with some cultures and communities, risk is present in any community with strong community, cultural or religious attitudes around sexuality, virginity and marriagability. FGM is abuse and illegal in the UK under multiple laws. Support is available for adult survivors of FGM, and girls at risk must be safeguarded.
Tools
OSCB FGM Page, this includes the OSCB FGM Local Procedures, screening tool and strategy
The Three Key Questions about FGM for midwives, health visitors and others assessing FGM risk (high risk, unknown risk, and universal).
Helpline
The NSPCC FGM helpline is free and anonymous, and open 24/7 0800 028 3550
Links
The Oxford Rose Clinic - Confidential service for women and girls who have undergone FGM. Includes support around contraception and sexual health, pregnancy, health complications and treatment.
Oxford Against Cutting - local training and awareness raising, support groups for survivors and more
Search
Find organisations which can support with FGM on the Oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory
Hearing Impaiment, Deafness
Hearing impairment or deafness in children refers to all levels of hearing loss. It may be partial or total loss, temporary or permanent. Deafness affects communication, language development, and can be associated with lack of awareness of suroundings, anxiety and withdrawal as they cannot hear.
Toolkits
National Deaf Children Society Communication Tools - there are many other resources on the their website
Eligibility criiteria and other useful downloads are available from the SENNS Hearing Impairment Team - downloads are in the right hand column
Links
SENSS Hearing Impairment Team, all children with hearing loss which might impact on educational access are referred by health to this team.
Oxfordshire County Council Sensory Impairment Team works with Oxfordshire children who have a hearing loss, visual loss or both.
Helplines
National Deaf Children Society Helpline Mon-Fri 9am-5pm 0808 800 8880
Search
Search the Family Information Service Directory for more Oxfordshire organisations that can help with hearing loss.
Home Education
Some parents educate their children at home. Usually the Oxfordshire County Council Inclusion Service is aware that a child is being educated at home. Home schooling is not in itself a risk factor for abuse or neglect. Consider what the actual concerns are.
Toolkits
Edplace Guide to home education - a simple, free introduction from one of the commercial providers
Children not educated in school: learning from case reviews - NSPCC
Links
Elective Home Education - rules pathways and referral forms, on the Oxfordshire schools intranet
Being educated at home - information for the public and parents
Home Education - information for young people
Oxfordshire Home Educators - active online support group for local home educators
Helpline
Education otherwise helpline and enquiry service
Search
Organisations which can help with Homeschooling in Oxfordshire.
Honour Based Abuse
Honour Based Abuse is any type of abuse committed against a person in order to protect or defend the perceived ‘honour’ of a family or community. Abuse can range from emotional pressure to murder and includes significant offences like forced marriage and false imprisonment.
Tools
HBA Posters from Karama Nirvana
Honour Based Abuse from Reducing the Risk - film, resources, leaflets, definitions, information, links and more
Links
Thames Valley Police Domestic Abuse Pages - included forced marriage and HBA information, plus Hidden harm for an information video and lists of signs
Karma Nirvana - Survivor Stories, helpline, practical advice
Helplines
Karma Nirvana Helpline 0800 5999 247 Monday - Friday: 9am - 5pm.
Search
Housing, at Risk of Homelessness
Families at risk of homelessness are vulnerable. Solving housing issues takes energy away from tackling other issues. Anxiety over housing makes problems worse, and shifts a family’s priorities away from caring for their children. You may also find that poor quality, inadequate or inappropriate housing, insecure housing and sofa-surfing are causing problems for children and families. But there is support available to stop families and individuals becoming homeless - and it can often be accessed early, before problems become severe or entrenched.
Housing Referral Process
All Statutory Bodies, including Oxfordshire County Council (all staff) are required to refer anyone who is homeless, or at risk of becoming homeless within 56 days, to a local housing authority. The aim of this early referral is to allow time for support to be put in place to avoid that person becoming homeless in the first place.
- Referral Pathway for homeless families and children aged 18+
- Under 18 go via MASH
- Oxfordshire Local Housing Authorities procedure
- ALERT housing referral
Local Housing Authorities
Housing and homeless support is available from your local housing authorities (City and District Councils).
- Oxford City - Housing and Homelessness
- Cherwell - Homeless or at Risk
- West Oxfordshire - Homeless or at risk
- South Oxfordshire - Homeless or at risk
- Vale of White Horse - Homeless or at Risk
Tools
National Homelessness Advice Service - standard letters, factsheets, dedicated section for housing support for young people
Shelter Housing Advice - Advice on all kinds of housing topics
Reporting Rough Sleepers
All rough sleepers should be reported. When rough sleepers are reported, the report is sent as an alert to a street outreach team run by a sympathetic local charity. Workers from this charity will approach that person to discuss their needs and support them to stop sleeping rough.
Report rough sleepers via www.streetlink.org.uk or call Streetlink on 0300 500 0914
Links and Helplines
Shelterline - 0344 515 1380 - open 365 days a year, 8am-8pm weekdays and 9am-5pm weekends
Crisis Skylight Drop-in (Oxford) - Daily drop-in at 2pm
Find Local Services
Find local services that can provide support around homelessness in Oxfordshire.
Knife Crime, carrying weapons
Although knife crime is rare, it is a serious concern for many children and adults. Children and other people may carry weapons to enable committing crime, but also because they feel unsafe or want to protect themselves. Found or improvised weapons may also be carried to show off to others or through ignorance. Carrying any kind of weapon increases risk to all, including the person carrying the weapon.
Tools
PSHE Association #knifefree lesson plans - exercises and lesson plans as well as guidance for talking about knife crime in youth or school settings
No knives, better lives toolkits - lesson plans, including one for bystanders, youth sessions and more from Safer Scotland
Links
www.fearless.org - information for young people about many kinds of crime, including knife crime, plus anonymous crime reporting routes
#knifefree - government advice website on knife crime
Helplines
Crimestoppers - Speak up, stay safe, report crime anonymously
Search
Find organisations in Oxfordshire that can help around knife crime
Language barriers
Individuals with little or no written or spoken English can find themselves isolated and unable to access services effectively. They may be more vulnerable to abuse and less able to ask for help. Language barriers can interfere with practice and make it harder to assess, support and protect families.
Tools
Rewordify can be used to simplify English text
xkcd Simple Writer will highlight difficult words in written English
Google translate can be used in situations where accessing translation services is impracticable but use with care
Links
People whose first language is not English: learning from case reviews - from the NSPCC
Helplines
Support is often available from the usual sources, but may need to be pre-arranged or booked to ensure the appropriate language support is in place. If the person is more comfortable with written communication, online chat services and forums are widely available, e.g.
Samaritans support for non-English speakers
Childline 1-2-1 Counsellor Chat
Local services
EMBS can provide English study alongside access to National Careers Service and more (Oxford and Banbury)
Search the Service Directory for organisations which can help with English, language and translation.
Low income, poverty, financial hardship
Households with low income are more at risk from stress, debt and anxiety as well as poor nutrition, health and housing. Problems can include things like interruptions or overpaying for internet access or other utilities, insufficient food and warmth to maintain health, especially for young or old family members and risky or insecure housing. Low income families are also less able to recover easily from problems, and common risky activities like gambling, smoking and substance misuse may be more risky for a low income family.
Tools
Money Advice Service Tools and calculators
Trussel Trust Guide to using a Foodbank N.B. There are also independent foodbanks in Oxfordshire
Buttle Small Grants - small grants for where other sources of support have been exhausted
Links
Help if you are on a low income from Citizens Advice
In work - on a low income from Turn2us
Helplines
The Money Advice Service Mon-Fri 8am-8pm and Sat 9am-1pm. Sunday and Bank Holidays, closed.
Search
Try searching the Oxfordshire Family Information Service for local organisations that can help with income or poverty
Search Money Matters on Livewell Oxfordshire
Mental Health
Mental Health problems are common. Most people will suffer them at some point in their lives. They can happen as a result of stresses or can occur spontaneously, without cause. There is also information under specific issues such as depression, anxiety or emotional dysregulation. These links and resources may be most useful when you are not yet sure what the issue is.
Tools
Time to change resources - tip cards, conversation starters and more, aimed to help friends and family members provide support
Young Minds resources - most available free to download or as paper leaflets for a small cost
Someone to talk to films - from Heads Together, conversation films showing how families and friends have worked together to overcome mental health problems
Mental Health and Growing Up Factsheets - large set of factsheets from the Royal College of Psychiatrists
Links
Minded - online high quality e-learning aimed at families, parents and professionals. Lots if issues covered.
Young Minds - young people's mental health and wellbeing
Mind - A-Z of mental health and more
Helplines
Mind Infoline 9am-6pm, Mon-Fri (except for bank holidays) 0300 123 3393 info@mind.org.uk Text: 86463
Heads together - someone to talk to - a round up of useful helplines for mental health problems
Search
Looking for local organisations which can support? Run some searches on the Services Directory! Start with this search for mental health.
Neglect
Neglect is the persistent failure to meet a child’s basic physical and/or psychological needs, likely to result in the serious impairment of the child’s health or development. This serious form of abuse is potentially fatal. It also causes great distress to children and affects their wellbeing in the short and long term.
Tools
Oxfordshire Neglect Practitioners Portal - created to support work around Neglect in Oxfordshire
O.S.C.B Child and Development Checklist (Neglect Toolkit)
DFE Neglect Training resources - useful handouts
Resources for Professionals working with neglected children - Action for Children
Links
Neglect on the OSCB Website
Child Neglect from the NSPCC
Helplines
NSPCC Report a Concern and Childline 0808 800 5000
Search
Neglect on the Oxfordshire Family Information Service Directory
Not in Learning or NIL
All young people aged 16+ have the right to free learning, and should remain in learning, until the end of their second year of post-16 education, or their 18th birthday. This can be at school or college or work-based learning such as an apprenticeship. Their participation in learning is tracked by Oxfordshire County Council and young people who are NEET (not in employment, education or training) or NIL (not in learning) are offered support to find suitable learning opportunities.
Tools
Register a young person who is NIL or NEET to receive support frrom the EET team
Factsheets, Q&A and more on raising the participation age (RPA)
Links
Secondary school applications in Oxfordshire
Helplines
National Careers Helpline for Teeenagers 0800 100 900 Mon-Sun 8am-10pm
Search
Useful searches include college. Further Education colleges provide late, in-year, part-time and apprenticeship programmes for young people who have missed secondary school admissions or who have decided to leave school. There are also alternative learning providers (including flexible, community-based options) listed in the Opportunity Search on oxme.info.
Not sure what issue
Sometimes while it is clear that something is wrong, the issue may be uncertain, hidden or something more than the presenting issue. This section contains some resources which can support exploring concerns, capturing the child's voice and planning for safety.
Tools
My Three Houses App - free app that helps children explore worrying things in their life, for use with a professional.
I am... and All About Me booklets - available from your local Children and Family Centre.
Downloadable templates for My three houses, Fairy and Wizard
Links
Report Child Abuse - Oxfordshire County Council website
NSPCC - every childhood is worth fighting for
Helplines
NSPCC Helpline - 0808 800 5000 - helping adults protect children
Search
Search on the Family Information Service Directory once you have identified an issue which needs support.
Online risky behaviour
Children and adults may struggle to accurately assess risk online. Risky activities include obsessively viewing harmful content, sharing personal information, encouraging risky behaviour, posting or sending harmful content to others, and linking up with strangers online. It can be hard to assess who will be at risk, as individuals can present as technological experts but have poor understanding of risk and a low willingness to seek help. The speed of communication on the internet can create problems very quickly.
Tools
Childnet for Teachers and Professionals - Crossing the line explores online risks like self harm, sexting, cyberbullying and self esteem
ThinkuKnow First 2 a Million explores risky behaviour through a choose-your-own video
Digi-Duck's big decision explores risks in a way friendly to all ages and abilities
Links
NSPCC E-Safety - also links through to the Net Aware guide to social networks
Childnet - resources for parents, professionals and children
ThinkuKnow - CEOP's public information website
Helplines
O2 & NSPCC Parents Helpline 0808 808 5002
Professionals Online Safety Helpline 0344 381 4772 Mon-Fri 10am to 4pm
Search
Find organisations which can help with online risk locally.
Parent abuse
Sometimes called adolescent to parent violence and abuse, this refers to children being violent toward their parents or carers, and can also occur with younger children.
Toolkits
Information guide: adolescent to parent violence and abuse (APVA)
Links
Family Lives - charity providing parenting support including videos, forums and more
Helplines
Family Lives helpline (formerly Parentline Plus) 0808 800 2222 9am–9pm, Mon-Fri and 10am–3pm Sat-Sun
Search
Organisations which can support with domestic violence on the Family Information Service Directory
Physical Disability
A physical disability is a difference which affects a person's physical functioning. There are many different types of physical disability. And all people are individual and will have diffrent experiences. Physical disabilities can occur alongside learning difficulties. A person may be born with physical disability, or may aquire it at a later date.
Toolkits
Council for Disabled Children Resources portal - Decision making toolkit, EHC models, Easy-Read information and more
SENSS Physical Disabilities Team - Eligibility Criteria and useful downloads in the right-hand column
Scope Early Years Settings Support - inclusive play and more, many more toolkits are available from Scope
Links
Children's Integrated Therapies - Oxford Health
SENSS SEN-ICT-AAC-Team - Assistive and Augmentative technology support for learners
Helpline
Scope Helpline - 0808 800 3333 9am – 5pm weekdays.
Search
Use the Family Information Directory Disability Portal to find services for children, and Livewell Oxfordshire to find services for adults.
Refugee Families
Children and families which have recently come to the UK having suffered violence, conflict or trauma may suffer particular problems. These can include anxiety, flashbacks, behavioral problems, distress and more.
Tools
Parenting advice for families exposed to conflict - developed by Manchester University and Syrian refugee families, this provides simple strategies in multiple languages.
Links
Refugee Council - Referral, telephone advice, training and more
Asylum Welcome - Oxfordshire's support organisation for asylum seekers, refugees and detainees.
Helplines
Refugee Council telephone advice line for professionals - 020 7346 1134 children@refugeecouncil.org.uk
Search
Local organisations which can support refugees and asylum seekers in Oxfordshire.
Resilience
Resilience refers to the process of overcoming disadvantage or problems in life and bouncing back, or even using problems as growth opportunities. Resilience is a combination of internal characteristics and environmental factors.
Toolkits
BoingBoing Practical resilience resources - includes videos, resilience frameworks and more.
Links
Developing Resilience from Mind UK.
Helplines
Mind Infoline 0300 123 3393 Text: 86463 open 9am-6pm, Mon-Fri (except bank holidays) info@mind.org.uk
Search
Find organisations in Oxfordshire which can support work around resilience.
Self Care
As children grow older, they learn self care and progressively take responsibility for their own self care (washing, cleaning teeth, treating minor ailments and maintaining health). Some children learn this faster than others, and some require support into adulthood, depending on their needs. It is the responsibility of the parent to care for their child and support their child to learn self care, so a problem with self care usually indicates neglect or other problems within a household, although it can also arise as a response to trauma, abuse or other pressures during adolesecence.
Tools
Self Care Forum Factsheets and Resources
OSCB Neglect Practitioner Portal
Self Care Activities for Teens Poster and list
Self care Step by Step from NHS GGC
Links
Childline taking care of yourself (mental health)
The Mix Your body (physical health)
Helplines
CAMHS SPA - 01865 902515 oxonCAMHSSPA@oxfordhealth.nhs.uk
NSPCC Helpline - 0808 800 5000 help@nspcc.org.uk
Childline 0800 1111
Local Services
Find local services that can help with self care in Oxfordshire.
Self harm
Self harm refers to a behaviour where a person harms themselves. This can happen habitually or at times of stress, and levels of self-harming can change over time. Types of self harm can include doing things that are deliberately risky or psychologically harmful as well as self-injury such as cutting or burning. Self harm increases the risk of severe self injury and suicide. Risky sexual or relationship behaviours or substance abuse can also form part of a pattern of self harming, as can food restriction, medication abuse and over-exercising.
Tools
The CalmHarm App is based on DBT principles and helps manage the urge to self harm
Self Harm Toolkit from the Northamptonshire Mental Health Gateway (Ask Normen)
Links
NHS Self Harm - videos, links and more
Stem-4 - Self Harm - self help, information for friends and more
Mind on Self Harm - Downloadable leaflet, real experieneces, how to help
Self Injury Support Bristol - self harm spectrum, resource hub, helpline for girls and women
For children and young people
For parents
Coping with self harm ; a guide for parents and carers - evidence based strategies from families that have successfully managed a self harm problem
Helplines
CASS Self Injury Helpline 0808 800 8088 FREE Monday to Thursday evenings from 7-10pm for women and girls only
CALM Helpline 0800 58 58 58 7 days a week, 5pm to midnight, for men only
MIND Infoline 0845 766 01630845 766 0163 9.15am-5.15pm Mon-Fri.
Search
Find organisations which can help locally with self harm on the Family Information Service and Livewell Oxfordshire
SEND Early Years
Children with special educational needs and/or disabilities can access a local offer of health and support services to support their development and help them acheive their potential.
Toolkits
Resources and help from the Council for Disabled Children
Early Years SEN Toolkit - resources, activities, strategies, guidance, procedures and more.
Links
Supporting Children under 5 with SEN in Oxfordshire (SEND Local Offer)
Helpline and advice
SENDIASS - impartial information, advice and support to parents of children and young people with SEN and disabilitie, 01865 810516 term time only.
SOS!SEN - friendly, independent and confidential advice on SEN - 020 8538 3731
Search
Find services to support around SEN on the Family Information Service.
SEND Children
Children with special educational needs and/or disabilities can access a local offer of health and support services to support their development and help them acheive their potential, usually supported with an Education Health Care Plan (EHCP).
Toolkits
SEN Support and Resources - Oxfordshire Schools Intranet
Resources and help from the Council for Disabled Children
Links
The SEND Local Offer includes education, health and care services for children and young people, and information about support available.
Helpline and advice
SENDIASS - impartial information, advice and support to parents of children and young people with SEN and disabilities, 01865 810516 term time only.
SOS!SEN - friendly, independent and confidential advice on SEN - 020 8538 3731
Search
Find services to support around SEN on the Family Information Service.
SEND preparing for adulthood
Young people who have learning difficulties and disabilities face challenges when preparing for adulthood, but with the right support can access paid employment and independent living and housing, while maintaining good health, friendships, relationships and community belonging.
Toolkits
Getting a Job - Booklet for adults with learning difficulties and their family/carers
We are the Strongest Link - Easy Read transition support
Links
Moving into adulthood on the Oxfordshire County Council website
Preparing for Adulthood - National programme supporting families and professionals
Helplines
SENDIASS (Parents Partnership) independent information and advice
Search
Find organisations providing moving into adulthood support for young people with LDD/SEN
Sexting
Sexting describes the activity of sending sexually explicit content to someone using phones or the internet. Many adults do this in a relationship context. A small minority of children do this as part of sexual development. It is illegal to take, share and distribute images of under 18s, but the police take a protective approach and avoid inappropriately criminalising children. Problems can also occur in the context of an another person using intimate images to bully, coerce or blackmail someone else (revenge porn).
Tools
Stay Safe: Don't send is a video and workbook from the Children's Society designed for use with Roma and Gypsy communities, focussed on prevention for young people at risk or under pressure to sext.
So you got Naked Online from the South West Grid for Learning is focussed on managing an incident and supports recovery and removal of images.
Links
Sexting from the NSPCC
For parents
Nude Selfies from Think U Know is a lighthearted, supportive exploration of talking to your children, managing risk and supporting recovery.
Slavery, Modern Slavery
Modern slavery includes forced or compulsory labour, exploitation and abuse for financial gain and human trafficking. Modern slavery victims often face more than one type of abuse, are often moved around (trafficked) between or within countries and may resist or flee attempts to provide support.
Tools
Modern Slavery Information on Gov.uk - posters, leaflets in multiple languages and more
Child Trafficking and Modern Slavery leaflets from the NSPCC
Modern Slavery Helpline frontline professionals toolkit - resources, spot the signs, National Referral Mechanism, duty to notify (report) potential victims and more
Links
Modern Slavery and Trafficking confidential referral service, safe houses, legal support and more from the Salvation Army
Child Trafficking by the NSPCC Facts, support available, latest research and more
Helplines
Salvation Army Modern Slavery helpline helpline 0300 303 8151 - you can call if you consider yourself to be a victim of modern slavery and are in need of assistance, to make an official referral for a victim, or to discuss a concern
The Modern Slavery Helpline - 08000 121 700 - report a concern, get advice
Search
Find local organisations which can help victims of crime or exploitation.
Smoking
Smoking is a health harm which harms the smoker and everyone in the household. It is particularly damaging for developing brains, with particular risk points for babies (before and after birth) and adolescents. There are well-understood negative long-term health effects (cancer, blindness, limb loss, lung collapse, etc.) for first, second and third hand smoke. Smoking impacts disproportionately on people who are already stressed by other problems, like poverty, debt, mental illness, substance misuse or a history of abuse because people already suffering problems are more likely to smoke and less likely to quit. On the bright side, positive changes in someone's life make it easier to quit smoking, and access to free smoking cessation support (nicotine replacement therapy or e-cigarettes) is freely available - although some people quitting show better results if they pay for quitting tools themselves. Although smoking may seem like a minor problem, the positive effects of quitting are substantial, and can have powerful knock-on effects in other parts of the person's life as their health, income and belief in their own capacity for change improves.
Tools
Mental health and Smoking myth-buster - although designed for mental health settings, this excellent myth-buster is applicable to any support setting and addresses staff who smoke, effects on mental health, E-cigarettes and more
NHS Smokefree the official NHS site with all the suport you need by email, app, text and more
The National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training - online training, briefings, 30s interventions, standard smoking cessation rpogrammes, videos and more
Smoking in pregnancy challenge group materials - materials in different langauges, e-cigarettes and pregnancy
Ash Factsheets, materials to support people suffering from health inequalities and more
Helpline
Smokefree National Helpline 0300 123 1044 Mon-Fri 9am-8pm annd Sat-Sun 11am-4pm
Links
The WebMD Smoking Cessation Centre
Someone quitting is four times as likely to succeed if they have structured support and nicotine replacement therapy. Support is available via GP, Pharmacist, local services, online, via apps, commercially etc.
Local Services
Smokefree Oxfordshire - Free local support to stop smoking
Search for more services and information on smoking.
Suicide
Suicide is the act of a person taking steps to end their life. Men, women, and children may be at risk during times of stress, low mood, or mental distress. Research shows that asking someone directly if they are feeling suicidal does not increase the likelihood of someone acting on their feelings or the likelihood of others feeling suicidal. Although it is extremely important to take people seriously when they talk about feeling suicidal, often feeling actively suicidal is temporary, and people can be successfully supported to move through the crisis.
Tools
Samaritans Listening Tips - SHUSH - simple tips to listen that anyone can use
Stay Alive Suicide Prevention App - information and tools to help those at risk stay safe in a crisis
Young people's Emotional Health Resource - from the Samaritans
Finding the Words - supporting someone bereaved by suicide
Suicide Prevention E-Learning Module from Health Education England
Links
Grassroots Suicide Prevention - resources links, tools, app and more
What Should I do if I know someone who is feeling suicidal - Samaritans
Papyrus - Prevention of Youth Suicide
Oxme suicide page - Information tailored for oxfordshire young people
Helplines
Samaritans 116 123 - email, phone, visit, write, 24/7
Papyrus Hopeline 0800 068 41 41 Mon-Fri: 10am-10pm, weekends: 2pm-10pm & bank holidays: 2pm-5pm
Childline - 0800 1111
Young Minds Parents Helpline - 0808 802 5544 Mon-Fri 9.30-4pm
Search
Find organisations in Oxfordshire which can provide support around suicide.
Terrorism, extremism, radicalisation
While only a very small minority of people you come into contact with will have direct involvement in terrorism, most people will feel the effects through news stories and some can become very distressed, particularly those with vulnerabilities.
Tools
A generic framework for discussing a terrorist attack - useful tool from the PSHE foundation
Addressing Extremism and Terrorism Key Stage 4 (age-14-15) Lesson Plans - from the PSHE Foundation
The Behaviour Barometer - a useful tool for categorising behaviour and identifying concerns
Links
Prevent E-learning - All practitioners in all settings should complete some form of Prevent training. This online version updates regularly and is quick to complete.
Terrorism on Gov.uk - includes reporting routes and duties in section 3
Educate against Hate - practical advice, information and resources for protecting against extremism and radicalisation
Helplines
Government counter-extremism helpline - 020 7340 7264 Mon-Fri 9am-6pm (excluding bank holidays) counter.extremism@education.gov.uk
Search
Looking for local organisations that can support? Run some searches on the Service Directory. Start with this search for radicalisation.
Trans, transgender, gender variant
Gender variance and transgender issues (where there there's a mismatch between biological sex and gender identity) have existed for a long time, but in recent years better information, protection by law and effective support through the NHS have greatly improved the experience of individuals of all ages who are trans or questioning.
Toolkits
Mermaids information factsheet for professional people working with gender variant and transgender young people under 18 years - comprehensive information from the leading charity supporting transgender young people and their families
Memaids Trans Inclusion Toolkit - written for Brighton and Hove schools but useful for all settings
Gendered Intelligence Knowledge is Power - information resource for families with a trans member
Gender Identity Research and Education E-Learning - also check out resources for an extensive factsheet library
Oxfordshire Trans Inclusion Toolkit for Schools - resources on the Schools intranet
Links
Mermaids UK - The UK charity supporting transgender children and their families
Gender Dysphoria on the NHS - overview, treatment, and useful links
Discrimination - It is illegal to disriminate against a person because they are trans or transitioning
Helpline
Mermaids Helpline 0344 334 0550 9am-8pm Mon-Fri (you can also leave a message)
Books
The Gender Book - online book exploring the beautiful diversity of gender
See The Mermaids Factsheet for more book suggestions.
Search
Find local organisations that can support trans people and their families on the Family Information Service and Livewell Oxfordshire.
Trauma, post-traumatic stress
Children who have been through traumatic experiences such as abuse, neglect or removal from home can suffer ongoing emotional effects. These can interfere with their emotional state, relationships, development and progression.
Tools
101 Mindful arts-based activities to get children and adolescents talking - online version of Dawn D'Amico's book
Nice Guide to Therapeutic Interventions after abuse and neglect
Links
Post-traumatic Stress on Youngminds
Helplines
Childline - 0800 1111 the helpline for children
Youngminds Parents Helpline 9.30am-4pm, Mon- Fri
Recommended Books
A Terrible Thing Happened – a story for children who have witnessed violence or trauma by Margaret M.Holmes
Directory Search
Don't forget to look for local organisations which can help with trauma, like SAFE, BYHP and others.
Truancy, non-attendance, absenteeism, school refusal
When a child or family has problems, absence from school may not seem like the most urgent thing to solve. However, children who miss schooling for any reason (it doesn't matter if they truant, refuse, or have reasons) later in life risk lower earnings, more mental health and substance misuse issues and more crime and anti-social behaviour. School is also a useful source of routine and support. Non attendance can result from truancy (defiant/refusing to go to school/absconding), school refusal (avoidant/withdrawing from school/hiding), family and friend issues (family or friends encourage/allow child to not attend), or general household disorganisation. But investigation of reasons should not distract or delay strategies to support attendance, as every day of education missed, counts. Absenteeism as a response to anxiety, conflicts with other students or the challenge of learning is a very dangerous response, which quickly establishes and causes more anxiety, leading to more absences. It is important also to check whether the student is being drawn away from school by other responsibilities (caring for/being with someone), opportunities (early economic activity/relationship forming) or pressures (exploitation/crime). Adults can also suffer from absenteeism, and absenteeism can be learned from or reinforced by other family members.
Tools
Note: All schools have access to more tools and programmes to support better attendance.
Minded - Refusal to go to school - Easy Read leaflet, interactive activity
Big Hopes Big Future school readiness worksheets from Homestart
Oxford Owl Ready for school - includes a great fridge checklist for first day at school
PACEY - Spotlight on school readiness includes Steps to Starting School poster
Links
OxfordOWL - tools and advice to help parents support children through primary school
WebMD on School Refusal - online guide for parents and professionals
Family Lives on Truanting - video and advice
Books
Understanding school refusal: a handbook for professionals in education, health and social care - Karen J. Grandison, Louise De-Hayes, and M. S. Thambirajah
Helplines
YoungMinds Parents Helpline freephone 0808 802 5544 (Mon-Fri 9:30 - 16:00).
Local Organisations
County Attendance Team - Schools Intranet
OXSIT - School Inclusion team
Underwear Rule (protective behaviours)
Resources which teach or promote behaviours which support children to resist and report sexual abuse, materials which promote respectful relationship behaviour, and services for young people who may represent a sexual harm risk to others.
Tools
Underwear Rule - from the NSPCC
Barnardo's Real Love Rocks - healthy relationships /cse resources
Resource category CSE and Sexual Abuse Social Worker's Toolbox - includes content for younger children
Parents Protect Resources - postcards, posters, family safety plans
Books
Your body belongs to you by Cornelia Spelman
I’s my body by Lory Freeman
Some secrets should never be kept by Jaynee Sanders
The right to touch by Sandy Kleven
Links
Sexual Abuse - signs, symptoms, prevention, from the NSPCC
Oxfordshire CAHMS - see services for high risk young people (this includes CAHBS and Forensic CAMHS) and Horizon
Parents Protect - National Charity to prevent child sexual abuse
Helplines
NSPCC Report a Concern - 0808 800 5000 24/7 help@nspcc.org.uk
Parents Protect! Stop it Now helpline 0808 1000 900. 9am-9pm Mon-Thu, 9am-5pm Fri help@stopitnow.org.uk,
Search
Local organisations which can help with issues around abuse.
Unhappiness
Pesistent unhappiness is often a sign of other problems in someone's life, but can happen in isolation or without cause. Constant or severe unhappiness risks depression. Where depression is suspected, a person should notify their GP for support and treatment.
Toolkits
Action for Happiness Wellbeing Toolkit
Links
Oxfordshire Mind - local support and short courses for adults 16+
Oxfordshire Talkingspace - overcoming anxiety and depression together
Mind - information, support for supporters, helpline moreCAM
CALM Campaign against living miserably - for young men
Helplines
Oxfordshire Mind - mental health info line 01865 247788 9.30am – 4.30pm (mon – fri)
Calmzone helpline - for men 0800 58 58 58
Mind National Helpline - 0300 123 3393 9am-6pm Mon-Fri except bank holidays
Search
Organisations which can help with depression on the Family Information Service Directory
Unemployed
Joblessness is a problem both for the adults in a family and for young people. For adults, any kind of regular work (including part time and voluntary) is beneficial, raising self-esteem, improving household finances and increasing agency. For young people, part time work boosts earning potential and improves prospects, supporting the successful transition to independent adulthood. Although there are many barriers to employment, including learning difficulties, disability, care and parental responsibilities and health problems, support is available to address these challenges.
Tools
National Careers Service Skills Health Check
Motimator App from the Mix
Oxfordshire Opportunities search for young people aged 16-19 (up to 24 with learning difficulties or disabilities)
i-could buzz quiz super-short and fun careers quiz
Links
Help with moving from benefits to work on Gov.uk
Job seeking on oxme.info for young people
Helplines
National Careers Helpline 0800 100 900 Mon-Sun 8am-10pm
Search
Organisations which can help with jobseeking in Oxfordshire.
Visual Impairment, sight loss, blind
Visual impairment means that a person's sight cannot be corrected by usual means, such as glasses. Visual impairment can occur alongside other disabilities. It may be present at birth or happen at a later age.
Toolkits
RNIB Knowledge Hub for Professionals
SENSS Visual Impairment Team - eligibility for service and other useful downloads in the right column
Links
Sensory Impairment Team - Oxfordshire County Council Social Care
Inegrated Therapy for Children - Oxford Health
Health Services for Children with SEN - Look under Eye Health
SENSS SEN-ICT-AAC Team - Alterntaive and augmentative communication support through ICT
Helpline
RNIB Helpline 0303 123 9999 from Mon-Fri 8.45am-5.30pm, Sat 9.30am-1pm.
Search
Search for services to support visual impairment on the Family Information Service and Livewell Oxfordshire.
Voice of the child
Capturing the voice of the child during any work with them can be challenging, but it is key to effective working. Here are some tools in use in Oxfordshire to capture the voice, views and needs of the child.
Tools
Mind of my own app - Oxfordshire County Council holds a license which means this can be used by any child in service to provide fast confidential feedback.
Safety House - template and guide. From the Neglect Practitioner's Portal, this is ideal for situations which require safety planning.
3 Houses - guide to how to use this tool effectively.
Wizard and fairy - guide to how to use these tools effectively.
Links
Oxfordshire Safeguarding children Board Multi-agency procedures - look under capturing the child's voice
Neglect Practitioner Portal Tools and interventions - look under case mapping tools
Weaning
Weaning, also known as ‘complementary feeding’, means introducing baby to solid foods alongside their usual breast milk or infant formula. The baby weaning process starts when baby is around 6 months old.
Tools
NHS Start4Life Weaning Hub Simple, NHS-approved advice, easy tips from nutritionists, lots of videos
Infant and Toddler Forum guide to feeding in the first year - portion sizes, weaning tips, including downloadable sheets and leaflets
Flying Start Starting Solids Toolkit - simple visual guides
First Steps Nutrition Trust Infants and New Mums Guide - clear expert advice including a comprehensive nutrition guide for vegan babies
Links
Helplines
Family Lives Helpline - 0808 800 2222 - 9am-9pm Mon-Fri, 10am-3pm Sat-Sun
Local Services
Oxford University Hospitals Infant Feeding Service
Search the Family Information Service Directory for local services that can help with weaning in Oxfordshire
Young Carer
A young carer is a child (under 18) who looks after an adult. This could be because of a disability, or a physical or mental health issue, or for another reason such as substance misuse.
Tools
Carers UK Help and Support - practical, emotional, and more
Carers UK Factsheets - Carer's Allowance, Council Tax, coming out of hospital and more
Carer's Allowance Leaflet and Posters - All about studying while claiming Carer's Allowance
Looking After Someone 2018 - The Carers UK definitive guide to caring for someone
Thinking Ahead about Caring - An online course to help you prepare for managing the costs of caring
Links
Carers Oxfordshire - support for carers of all ages, carers groups in your area, and more
Young carers on the Schools Intranet
Helplines
Carers UK Adviceline - 0808 808 7777 Mon-Fri, 10am-4pm, listening service Mon-Tue, from 9am-7pm.
Search
Organisations which can support young carers on the Family Information Service directory
Record managed by Activities Oxfordshire